英语高考阅读理解题型与解题技巧_高考英语阅读结构题

2010 北京卷 D 段

The Cost of Higher Education_免费的大学教育不合理

这篇文章逻辑推理非常严密，正反方阐述也相当有力。标准总分总结构。

Individuals should pay for their higher education.

A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. Graduates earn more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree. However, only some people have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers, should pay for it. There are pressing calls on the resources of the government. Using taxpayers' money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them.

Full government funding is not very good for universities. Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees. He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government. Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work; and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy.

If students have to pay for their education, they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers. And their teachers have to keep them satisfied. If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their own research interests, that is surely something to celebrate.

Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy. Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest and create jobs. If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest.

Therefore, it is the individual, not the government who should pay for their university education.

Miss Longfield warned 主句

that a generation of children risked

growing up

‘worried about their appearance and image as a result of the unrealistic life

styles they follow on platforms ,

and increasingly anxious about

switching off due to the constant

demands of social media’.宾语从句

根据以上断句，这是个主谓宾结构的句子，that 引导的整个句子是宾语从句，在宾语从句中，又包含了主谓宾状结构的句子，从句谓语动词是 risked，worried....and increasingly anxious.....是两个并列状语用来说明从句主语a generation of children主语所处的状况，即形容词作状语。they follow on the platform 又是个定语从句，修饰 life styles.

参考译文：朗菲尔德警告称，这一代孩子在追随不切实际的生活方式，这让他们对自己的外表和形象感到担忧，再加上社交媒体不断要他们点赞，也让他们对关闭社交媒体越来越焦虑，这些都使这一代孩子面临成长危机。