2017年高考江苏英语解析,2017高考江苏英语题目

1.2017年高考英语备考：关系代词副词的区别

2.2017年高考英语全国卷1 - 阅读理解B

3.非谓语动词知识点总结是什么

1-5 ACDAD 6-10ADCAB11-15 BADCD 16-20ACDCB21-25 BBCDC 26-30 ACADC31-35DDBAC 36-40 CABAD41-45 CBDAA 46-50 DBCBD51-55 BACCB 56-60 DCBBC61-65 ACAAB66-70 DCBBA71-75 CDFAE76. When she gets excited. / When something goes herway.77. She felt embarrassed / awkward.78. Not to do the “silly dance” inpublic.79. She will continue to sing. / She won’t stop singing.80. Beingoneself. / Being who he / she is.短文改错：81. ... friend callingEmily. calling → called82. ... things that like ... 去掉that83.... what she asked ... asked后加for84. ... she hasborrowed! has → had85. ..., though she said ... though → but86. ... she couldremember ... could → couldn't或could后加not87.... made the list ... the → a88. ... gave them to ... them → it89. For mysurprise, ... For → To90. ... a dirt T-shirt. dirt → dirtyOne possibleversion:Dear Editor,Rubbish is now one of the main environmental problems.Withthe increasing population, more and more rubbish is produced every day and somerubbish does great harm to the environment: it pollutes the air, the soil andthe water. Today many cities are troubled by mountains of rubbish. It not onlyaffects our daily life but results in serious illnesses.We must find a betterway to deal with rubbish. First of all, rubbish should be put in differentplaces according to whether they can be recycled or not. Secondly, everybodymust realise that it is everybody's duty to keep the environment clean.Finally, I think that laws must be passed on how to deal with rubbish.Yourssincerely, Li Hua部分解析单项填空：21.D。have a(n) ... effect on sb. 对某人有…… 影响；growth在句中意为“成长”，是不可数名词，且其后有of children限定，表特指，故其前用the。22.C。根据答语中的Sorry 及表示转折的but可知，此处指“事情很紧急（urgent）”。concerned担心的；major 主要的；scary恐怖的，吓人的。23. A。hold 与the sports meet 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，又根据the day after tomorrow 可知hold 这一动作尚未发生，故用不定式的一般式的被动语态作定语，修饰the sports meet。24. B。玛丽总是被鼓励去游泳的目的是增强腿部的“力量（strength）”。energy精力，活力；protection保护；position 位置。25. D。haveno choice but to do sth. 别无选择只能做某事；do nothing but do sth. 什么都不做，只是做某事。26. B。根据答语“那很危险”可知应答者不让孩子们晚上出去。Absolutely not！（绝对不行！当然不可以！）符合语境。hopefully 希望如此；thankfully谢天谢地；rarely极少地。27. B。分析句子结构可知，空格后为定语从句，且定语从句中缺少地点状语，故选where，相当于inwhich。28. C。根据答语“别担心。我喜欢软一点的”可知,上句是说“融化（melts）前赶快吃掉你的冰淇淋”。expand 膨胀；dissolve溶解；recycle再循环。29.A。complain to sb. about sth.向某人抱怨某事。30. A。该句中make 后接复合宾语，to get there on time 是真正的宾语，故用it 作形式宾语。31. D。根据tomorrow 可知用将来时。这是一个there be句型，故选D项。32. D。题意：塑料燃烧时会散发出（give out）气体，这种气体对人有害并且会严重污染大气。take in 吸收；takeaway 拿走；give up放弃。33. B。由“没有多少时间了”可知，应选ina nutshell（简言之，概括地讲）。in other words 换句话说；ina way 在某种程度上；one after another 一个接一个地。34. A。根据上句“我想这不是个坏主意”可知，I couldn't agree with you more.（我完全同意）符合语境。35. C。根据答语中的Yes 可知，应答者将尽力按时完成这项工作。I'll do my best我将尽力而为。完形填空：话题：个人情感本文是夹叙夹议文。一位年轻人从松鼠跳跃树枝得到启发，从而鼓起勇气，决心为心仪的职位冒一次险。36. C。让你垂涎的梦想就是你想用尽一切办法使之成为“现实（reality）”的梦想。37.A。由下文的... take a risk ..., he landed safely in a position 可知，这位年轻人在工作中遇到了麻烦，不知如何“面对（face）”。38.B。由下文的But it still landed ... on a branch several feet lower可知，松鼠是从一棵“高（high）”树跳到另一棵。39.A。松鼠想跳到另外一棵树的树枝上。aim for 以……为目标。40.D。由下文的the jump looked impossible可知，松鼠离它想跳的树枝很远。out of reach够不到。41. C。由下文But一词可知，松鼠没有跳到它想跳的树枝上。miss 在此处为failto reach之意。42. B。虽然未达到目标，但松鼠仍然“安全地（safely）”跳到了较低的树枝上。下文的never seen one of them get hurt是提示。43. D。松鼠继续跳跃，最终到了自己“想要（wanted）”到达的那根树枝。44. A。老人认为松鼠不断跳跃的场面很“有趣（funny）”。45.A。很多松鼠如年轻人看到的松鼠一样“跳跃（jump）”。46.D。“很多松鼠错过目标”与“从未看到一只松鼠受伤”之间是转折关系，故选but。47.B。由下文的to take a chance 可知，松鼠“冒险（risk）”去跳跃树枝。48.C。松鼠是在树之间跳跃。49. B。松鼠尝试从很高的树跳跃到另外一棵高树上，是做好了准备去冒险。be prepared to do sth.准备做某事；乐意做某事。50. D。年轻人看到松鼠跳跃树枝的勇敢，反问自己是否缺少“勇气（courage）”面对工作中的困境。51. B。由下文的he landed safely in a position可知，年轻人“决定（decided）”冒险做他想做的事情。52. A。年轻人所得到的这个职位是他原来觉得“决不（never）”可能的。53.C。54. C。由松鼠跳跃树枝的故事可知，定下如奔向月亮的远大志向，“纵使（Evenif）”不能到达，也会跻身于繁星之中，也会比你现在的位置更高、更好。end up以……结束。55.B。既然人生短暂，时光易逝，为何不努力去实现最精彩的人生呢？possible可能发生的。阅读理解：A篇（自然）本文是记叙文。文章介绍了美国历史上一次严重的气候灾难。56. D。细节理解题。根据第二段的the wind picked up earth 和第三段的theangry mountain of dust 可知，黑色星期天发生的是一场沙尘暴。57. C。推理判断题。根据第三段Lila Lee说的I was sure I was going to die 可知，面对1935年那场沙尘暴，她感到非常惊恐。58. B。篇章结构题。根据上文可知，正是因为粘合土壤的草皮被铲掉，才导致沙尘暴的发生。59. B。细节理解题。由倒数第二段的During World War Ⅰ, there was good rain and wheat prices were high. Butafter the war, prices dropped 可知，一战以后，小麦价格下跌导致了一些人放弃了土地。B篇（周围的人）本文是记叙文。文章介绍了十二岁女孩Anna Koppelman 创办慈善组织来帮助他人的故事。60. C。推理判断题。从第三段的I got there and saw the kids' faces light up 可知，孩子们脸上喜悦的笑容说明了安娜初次举办的慈善生日宴会很成功。61. A。细节理解题。根据第四段的she has been amazed at the amount of time, energy, and resources peoplehave been willing to donate to her cause 可知，很多人支持安娜的慈善组织。62. C。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的encourages others to form Birthday Fairies clubs 和最后一段的she'dlike to see Birthday Fairies clubs in schools across the United States and inother parts of the world 可知，安娜希望传播她的善举。63. A。标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了十二岁女孩Anna Koppelman 开办慈善组织Birthday Fairies 来帮助他人的故事。A项中的A sweet cause 指代Anna Koppelman 所从事的慈善活动是一项能带给人们美好、甜蜜的事业。C篇（热点话题）本文是议论文。文章就图书馆是否应该提供视频游戏进行了讨论。64. A。细节理解题。休斯顿公共图书馆的事例是对上一句Adding video games has helped some libraries attractmore visitors 的进一步补充。由于提供视频游戏，休斯顿公共图书馆的访问者越来越多。65. B。词义猜测题。文章第一段的调查报告显示人们对图书馆提供视频游戏的喜爱，而第二段however 的转折引出了人们对此事的讨论，由此可知，并不是所有人都赞成图书馆提供视频游戏。故该短语有“支持”的意思。66.D。主旨大意题。本文作者从一项研究报告开始，引用两位读者的观点，展开了对图书馆是否应该提供视频游戏的讨论。D篇（旅游）本文是应用文。文章是一项迷你冒险活动的广告宣传。67. C。细节理解题。由文中的Return ferry crossing toVancouver Island 可知，此次活动有乘船旅行部分。68. B。细节理解题。由Activities You Can Choose (paid locally)部分所列的Whale watching US$70-$90 可知，观看鲸鱼是可以自由选择的活动。69. B。细节理解题。由文中的Accommodation:3 nights campingwith equipment(except the sleeping bag)可知，游客需自备睡袋。70. A。推理判断题。由文中的dates can be chosen to suit your needs 可知，Private Departures 更加灵活，游客可自行决定出发日期。选做题参考答案及解析参考答案I. 1-5 DDABD 6-10 CBCAC11-15 BADCD 16-20 BCDBDII. 1-5DBBDD解析完形填空：话题：社会本文是说明文。文章介绍了一个回收利用旧物品的项目。1. D。由上文的hasgot used to recycling ...可知，回收旧物品对Thornebrooke 小学的学生来说已经成为一种“习惯（habit）”。2.D。3. A。由下文的pays the school for the oldproducts 可知，Thornebrooke 小学通过“回收（recycling）”旧物品“得到（earned）”了钱。4.B。通过回收旧物而获利是一种为学校“集资（raisingmoney）”的方式。5. D。由下文的Thecartridges are refilled and resold. Used electronics are made into new products可知，回收再利用可以为地球“节约（saving）”资源。6.C。学生们习惯了回收旧物品，说明他们已经“意识（realized）”到为地球节约资源。7. B。回收再利用是一件“正确的（right）”事情。8.C。由下文

的free boxes to send the collected materials by post 可知，Thornebrooke小学把回收的旧物品“ 寄给（mails）”FundingFactory。9. A。Thornebrooke 小学和FundingFactory是合作关系。学校寄东西，“反过来（in turn）”，公司为这些旧物品支付一定的费用。10. C。除了旧手机和旧的油墨盒，FundingFactory还“接受（accepts）”其它的电子产品。11. B。由下文的It provides freeposters ...and free boxes ... 可知，FundingFactory提供的便利使得学校很“容易（easy）”参与。12. A。学校给FundingFactory 邮寄回收的旧物品，从而得到新产品或者现金。either ... or ... 是固定搭配，“或……或……”。13. D。回收再利用旧物品的项目会对世界和未来“产生影响（making adifference）”。14. C。全社会可以共同合作是这些绿色项目传递的一个“重要的（important）”信息。15. D。FundingFactory 是一家接收学校邮递旧物品的公司，而当地的企业捐赠给学校旧产品。由此可知，通过Funding-Factory 项目，当地企业和学校建立了“联系（connections）”。16. B。FundingFactory 项目的目的是为了“帮助（help）”学校。17. C。由上文的their usedproducts 可知，被回收的东西都是企业准备“扔掉（throw away）”的。18. D。由Lewis has bought new equipment可知，学校通过FundingFactory 项目得到钱从而购买新设备。19. B。因为被当地媒体报道，故学生们对回收再利用感到“兴奋（excited）”。20. D。Feagin Mill 学校回收了本来要被当地企业扔掉的旧产品，而这是一件对环境保护有益的事情，故他们的努力是“与环境有关的（environmental）”

2017年高考英语备考：关系代词副词的区别

说到完形填空，本人当年的分数还是不错的，当时也比较得心应手，哈哈。不知道大家对完形填空会不会重视，其实它的占比还是很大的，属于中等偏上的难度。据数据统计，即便超过100分的考生，完形填空的准确率大部分也只有50%，或者更低。

其实在课堂上老师分享过过很多解题方法，但这些方法都是传统的也是必备的方法，配合另外一些方法才能提高准确率。

高考英语完形填空的核心主要考察3点，我来和大家好好聊聊。

我觉得英语完形填空最重要的还是词汇的掌握，这种题一般考察的就是实义词，包括名词、形容词、副词。出题方向包括其同义词、反义词、易混词等。经常出现的考察点是，动词搭配不同的介词，会有不同释义。如果看到这类题，需要想明白词汇的意思，避免模棱两可的情况发生。

举例：

We will look out for each other and that's how we will ____ this difficulty.

A.get away B.get off

C.get out ? D.get through

get away：离开；逃脱

get off：脱下；动身去某地

get out：离开；出去

get through：度过，熬过（困难时期等）

明白这几个词的意思肯定是第一步，接着要看原文的提示，由此能看出，这个词组后的名词是difficulty，根据句意，选D，意思是我们彼此照料，这便是我们渡过难关的方式。

语法是完形填空的主要考察点，总结一些完形填空主要考察的语法内容：

名词词形：单复数变形，名词的可数和不可数；

动词词形：包括动词的时态，语态，语气，分词，动名词，不定式等结构；

词组搭配：这要看平常的积累了，如果遇到要注意了；

主谓一致：语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则；

比较级：重视形容词、副词的比较形式的应用、冠词以及不定代词。

这部分其实整体不算很难，但需要很熟悉，平时要多积累、多总结，把常用常考的部分记在笔记本上，方便复习。

举例：

Ask your friends or parents to save_____envelopes for you.

A.used ? B.using

C.wasted ? D.good

让你的朋友或父母为你保留____信封。因为能判断，肯定是填使用过的，而use的分词used是形容词，使用过的；动名词using则没有形容词的词性，可以判断这题选A。

这是完形填空的考察重点，要求大家对整体有全面的了解，其实就是文章的中心思想，每道题的答案基本都会指向这个中心思想。读懂文章的中心思想，就能提高答题准确率。

很多人还是懵的，其实英文文章有个简单的现象，90％的文章和段落都是总分结构。由此可以推断，一篇文章第一段第一句，往往就是文章中心意思；而某个段落首句，基本就是该段落主题。高考英语完形填空，通常第一段第一句就是文章中心意思，大家看懂第一句，一般就能知道整篇文章的发展脉络了。

说到这，大家还要明白一点，完形填空的几大类型，主要分为：议论文、说明文以及记叙文。

议论文和说明文一般是这样的套路，第一段第一句说明一种情况，然后开始举例，证明这种情况的存在；而记叙文第一句就是讲故事，接着分叉，一是畅通无阻的路线，二是历经磨难的路线。不管哪种，最后都成功了。

这里就不举例了，这样说还是很好理解的。

三大框架之下，其实还能延伸很多，下面为大家延伸一些常用的技巧：

and前后有同义词，but前后有反义词

任何包含有and的句子，不管有没有空，一定要找到and并列的两个词。特别是空出来的句子，如果有and，就找and后紧接着的那个词的同义词，一般就是答案。还有含but的句子，前后肯定意思相反，很多时候but前后找反义词，答案就是它。

比如2017年全国卷1完形填空：I myself went through this ___41___process and found something that has changed my___42___ at college for the better.

41. A. searching B. planing C. natural D. formal

这个题and后的词为found，那么A选项中searching为同义词，答案就是A。

遇到生词猜加删

如果是动词，统译为：做、整、搞、来、去、在（哪个通顺用哪个），然后猜动词的意思；如果是名词，统译为：某人、某物、某事；如果是形容词副词，删掉不看。

比如2015年全国卷2完形填空：But it may well be that the learning you really want ___22___ somewhere else instead.

22. A. passed B. works C. lies D. ends

副词well删掉，really删掉，else删掉，instead删掉。然后翻译为：但是这可能是那样的，那个学习你想要的______某个地方。空格是动词，主语是“那个学习”，宾语是“某个地方“，空格填“在”比较合适。passed是路过，works是工作，lies是躺着，ends是结束，最接近“在”的意思那只能是躺着了，答案选C。

理清逻辑关系

这主要涉及句子长的语言单位，比如句群、段落、篇章等。因为它们之间肯定有内在联系的词语，这些词叫作“语篇标志”。（这里要注意上文中的转折词及连词等）。

比如2014课标II卷：Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains .They reached the top 41____ ,but on their way back conditions were very 42___ .

41. A. hurriedly B. carefully C. successfully D. early

这里连词but提示上下文存在转折关系，下文提到Joe在回来的路上摔伤了腿，那么回程肯定困难，登顶成功(successfully)

真的无解看首段

有时我们会遇到实在没办法的题目，这时候不要慌，赶紧看看首段首句，这就是文章的主题、大背景。在选择选项的时候，再想一想，填什么词能把主题说清楚，如果这个单词放在句子后后可以和第一段第一句相呼应，一般就是答案。

这里就不举例了，还是比较容易理解的。

总体来看，想要提升完形填空的准确率，还是要熟能生巧，因为过犹不及，希望大家能打牢基础，再结合上面为大家总结的方法，一定可以拿一个高分的。

2017年高考英语全国卷1 - 阅读理解B

一、 关系代词和关系副词的区别

1、关系代词(that, who, whom, whose, which)所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。

例1. Is he the man who/that wants to see you?(who / that在从句中作主语，指人)

例2. He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.(whom / that在从句中作宾语，指人)

例3. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.(whose在句中作定语，指人)

例4. Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.(whose在句中作定语，指物。若指物，它还可以同of which互换)

例5. The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作carry的宾语，指物)

2、关系副词(when, where, why, that)可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用。

例6. Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.

例7. Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?

例8. His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.

例9. He can’t find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.

二、 判断用关系代词和关系副词

方法1： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。请改错：

1. This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

2. I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。句1和句2的where, when都应改为which.。

方法2： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，根据第一点(区别)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。

例10.This museum is ___ you visited a few days age?

A. where　B. that　 C. on which　 D. the one

例11. This is the museum ____ the exhibition was held.

A. where　　B. that　 C. on which　　D. the one (答案：例1 D，例2 A)

在例10中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。

而例11中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。

关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语)。

方法3：当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing，the one, much, few, any, little等，或先行词是形容词级时，或在there be 句型中，或当先行行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用that, 而不用which。

例12. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.

例13. The soldiers and their guns that we sent to the front were lost.

方法4：在引导非限定性定语从句时，和在介词后不能用that，应用which。

例14.(错)　The tree, that (改为which)is four hundred years old, is very famous here.

例15.We depend on the land from which we get our food.

非谓语动词知识点总结是什么

I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in LocustValley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.

我在“野生动物志愿者”组织工作，这是蝗虫谷贝利植物园的一个援救教育组织，帮助受伤、流离失所或生病的动物。这样的工作可能会令人心碎；因为无法确定动物是否能活下来。然而，当救援起作用时，这种感觉真的很棒！

I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.

我接到马特顿镇一位女士的求救电话，她在地上发现了一只猫头鹰幼鸟。当我到达时，我看见了一只两三周大的猫头鹰。为了安全起见，它已经被放在一辆大货车上。

I examined the chick and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.

我检查了这只幼鸟，看起来还不错。如果我能找到鸟巢，我也许能把它放回去，但没那么幸运。接下来的工作就是建造一只鸟巢，并固定在一棵树上。

The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.

房主非常乐于助人，给我找来了一只铁丝篮。为了让鸟巢安全舒适，我把一些松枝放进铁丝篮里，然后我把小猫头鹰放进鸟巢里，它很快安静了下来。

Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.

现在最需要的是这只小猫头鹰的父母，但它们不在。我给了房主一份小猫头鹰饥饿尖叫声的录音。这些录音会让猫头鹰父母知道小猫头鹰的存在，也会鼓励小猫头鹰学着尖叫。我把尽可能多的消息告诉了房主，然后回家，看看晚上会有什么情况。

A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all — LUNCH！The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.

这的确是一个紧张的夜晚，但有时大自然的神灵会眷顾我们！房主打电话说小猫头鹰的父母已经对这些录音做出了回应。我开车过去，鸟巢里的小猫头鹰看起来健康又活泼。鸟巢里出现了最令人感动的一幕——小猫头鹰的身边全是午餐！它的父母已经在尽职尽责，而且很可能会继续这样做。

有人说，非谓语题在高考英语试卷中，少则一题，多则两三题，没几分，不必太在意。其实不然，非谓语作为一种基本的语法现象是可以出现在任何题目中的，涉及单选、完型、阅读、改错等各类题型，即使是在作文中，如果通篇都不出现一个非谓语，恐怕分数也不会太高。

可以说，非谓语在整张考卷中都以各种可察觉或不可察觉的方式考查着我们。因此，千万不要以分值小为由而忽略非谓语的重要性。

关于非谓语的语法详讲，同学们在课堂上已基本掌握，下文主要以高考真题为例，以非谓语题的答题技巧为主要内容，来梳理一下这个知识点，帮助同学们在高考英语中准确解答，稳拿高分。

非谓语知识点概述

非谓语形式就是动词的变形，即由动词变化而来，但不能做谓语，而是承担其他语法功能。主要有三种形式：不定式，分词（现在分词、过去分词），动名词。详见下表：

以上形式又各有不同的变化形式，如：

大体用法如下：

非谓语动词的否定形式：

在非谓语动词前加not。

非谓语动词的复合结构：

①for sb.to do sth.（sb.是to do的逻辑主语）

②one's doing（one是doing的逻辑主语）

例如：

For Tom to learn a foreign language is too difficult.

相当于It is too difficult for Tom to learn a foreign language.

句意：对汤姆来说学习一门外语太难了。（Tom 是to learn a foreign language的逻辑主语。）

例如：Do you mind Tom's smoking?

句意：你介意汤姆吸烟吗？（Tom是smoking的逻辑主语。）

非谓语题答题技巧

01

确定是否需要非谓语。句中已经有谓语动词，再出现动词表示动作时，须用非谓语形式，如果是并列谓语要有and或“，”链接。

02

分析是不是固定短语。如果是，按照固定短语分析。

03

分析出非谓语的逻辑主语，主要有以下集几种情况：

①非谓语做定语时，非谓语的逻辑主语是非谓语所修饰的词。

例如：I like the teacher teaching English.

（译：我喜欢教英语的那个老师。）

句中非谓语做定语，修饰the teacher，the teacher是非谓语teaching的逻辑主语，非谓语与其逻辑主语是主动关系。

②非谓语做状语时，非谓语的逻辑主语是主句的主语。

例如：Watching TV，she was moved.

（译：看电视时，她被感动了。）

句中非谓语做状语，非谓语的逻辑主语就是主句的主语，she是非谓语watching TV的逻辑主语，非谓语与其逻辑主语是主动关系。

③非谓语做宾语补足语时，非谓语的逻辑主语是该句的宾语。

例如：His boss wanted Li Lei to finish the work.

主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语

（译：李雷的老板让他完成工作。）

句中非谓语to finish做宾语him的补足语，him 是to finish的逻辑主语，非谓语与其逻辑主语是主动关系。

04

确定非谓语的逻辑主语后，分析非谓语与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系还是被动关系。

05

分析非谓语表示的动作与主句谓语动作发生的时间关系，分析非谓语表示的动作是发生在谓语动词的同时、之前还是之后。

非谓语真题练习

2021年

八省联考

1.Like many other students, you may have various people, 56 (include) family members and friends, giving input on your college.

浙江卷

1. In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 62 (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.

2.This may be due to some disadvantages for people 64 (live) in the countryside, including lower (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.

2020年

全国卷 I

1. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments on board Chang'e-4 66 (find) and study areas of theSouth Pole-Aitken basin.

2. I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.

3. My mom told me how to preparing it.

全国卷 Ⅱ

1. They represent the earth 63 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.

2. They make great gifs and you see them many times 65 (decorate) with red envelopes andmessages of good fortune.

3. They are easy 68 (care) for and make great presents.

全国卷 III

1. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67 (find) the well-known painter.

2. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops,he was reduced to tears.

山东卷

1. As well as looking at exhibits,visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves (they) living at a different time inhistory or 43 (walk) through a rainforest.

浙江卷

1. Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 60 (change)lives.

2. Later, they learned to work with the seasons (season)，planting at the right time and, in dry areas， 63 (make) use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉) their fields.

江苏卷

1. Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.

A. combined with B. combining with

C. having combined with D. to be combined with

▲2019 年

全国卷 I

1. Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area.

2. Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are.

3. All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.

全国卷 II

1. A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 61 (be) Britain's oldest full-time employee — still working 40 hours a week.

2. Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans 65 (retire) from her 36-year-old business.

3. When we got a call 68 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.

全国卷 III

1. On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take 62 (get) there.

2. On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 70 (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.

3. Now my dream is to opens a pen cafe.

4. If I succeed in manage one, I will open more.

浙江卷

1. But?some?students?didn't?want? 63 (wear)?the?uniform.

▲2018 年

全国卷 I

1.You don't have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.

2. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.

全国卷 II

1. Another reason for corn's rise: The encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality.

2. China's approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide", says the bank's Juergen Voegele.

4. As a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not let me.

全国卷 III

1. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel 65 (challenge).

2. Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch.

3. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.

浙江卷

1. I still remember 59 (visit) a friend who'd lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn't cooked once in all that time.　　

▲2017 年

全国卷 I

1. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.

2. Fast food is full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.

全国卷 II

1. This included digging up the road, 63 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.

2. When summer comes, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!

全国卷 III

1. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest).

2. But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.

浙江卷

1. Sixteen?years?earlier,?Pahlsson?had?removed?the?diamond?ring? 61 (cook)?a?meal.

2. Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish.

▲2016 年

全国卷 I

1. But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 67 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.

全国卷 II

1. If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely 69 (bring) your work home.

2. We can choose between staying at home and take a trip.

全国卷 III

1. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 63 (create) special designs.

2. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 64 (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it.

3. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.

▲2015 年

全国卷 I

1. A?study?of?travelers 68 (conduct)?by?the?website?Trip Advisor?names?Yangshuo?as?one?of?the?top?10?destinations?in?the?world.

2. Abercrombie?&?Kent,?a?travel?company?in?Hong?Kong,?says?it regularly?arranges?quick?gateways?here?for?people 70 (live)?in?Shanghai?and?Hong?Kong.

全国卷 II

1. The adobe dwellings (土坯房) 61 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without 64 (use) electric equipment.

2. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66 (cool) the house during the hot day; at the same time, they warm up again for the night.

3. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found his parents were missing.

答案

▲2021年

八省联考

1.including

句意为“像许多其他学生一样，可能会有各种各样的人，包括你的家人 和朋友，为你上哪所大学提供意见”。空白处应填介词 including 。

浙江卷

1.studied

考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，该句谓语动词为had，故此空考查study的非谓语动词形式，此处作countries的后置定语；而countries与study之间为被动关系，且“研究”是已经完成了的动作，故填studied。

2. living

考查非谓语动词。此空考查live的非谓语动词形式，此处作people的后置定语；而people与live之间为主动关系，故填living。

▲2020 年

全国卷 I

1.to find

考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。

2. frying改为fried

考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry与tomatoes之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用过去分词作定语，故将frying改为fried。

3. preparing改为prepare

考查非谓语动词。句意：我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知，“how+不定式”作told的宾语，to是不定式符号，后应接动词原形，故将preparing改为prepare。

全国卷 II

1. coming

考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与comeback to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。

2. decorated

考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。

3. to care

考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填tocare。

全国卷 III

1.to find

考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。

2. surrounding

考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。

山东卷

1.walking

考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imagine sb doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填walking。

浙江卷

1. to change

考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。

2.making

考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填making。

江苏卷

1.A

考查非谓语动词。句意:技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。此处是短语:be combined with“与……结合/联合”，本句中省略be动词，使用过去分词做状语。故选A。

▲2019 年

全国卷 I

1.to perform

该句为 “be + 形容词 + 不定式” 结构，主语 methods 与谓语动词 perform 为被动关系，但需用不定式的主动式作状语。

2. noting

介词后用 note 的动词 -ing 形式 noting 作宾语。

3.say → saying

全国卷 II

1. being

介词后用动词 -ing 形式作宾语。

2. to retire

名词 plan 后接不定式作后置定语。

3. saying

名词 call 与 say 之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作后置定语。

全国卷 III

1. to get

分析句子结构可知，it takes + 时间 + to do sth 中，it 作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。

2. listening

主语 we 与 listen 之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作状语。

3.opens → open

4.manage → managing

浙江卷

1. to wear want 后通常接不定式 to do sth。

▲2018 年

全国卷 I

1. to see

根据句意 “要见到效果，你不必快跑或长时间地跑”, to see 作目的状语。

2. dying

介词后用 die 的动名词形式 dying。

3.sell → selling

全国卷 II

1. to improve

根据语境 “改善水质” 是 “政府鼓励农民种玉米而不种水稻”的目的，动词不定式作目的状语。

2. feeding

when / while + 现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于when / while 引导的时间状语从句。

3.watching → watch

全国卷 III

1. (64) looking

avoid 后接动名词作宾语。avoid doing sth 意为 “避免做某事”。

(65).challenged

主语 he 与 challenge（对……挑战）之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。

2. to stay

allow sb to do sth是固定结构，意为 “允许某人做某事”，因此应填 to stay。

3.wait → waiting

浙江卷

1. visiting

remember doing sth 意为 “记得做过某事”。

▲2017 年

全国卷 I

1. to process

根据语境“需要它们（脂肪和盐）来处理食物” 和关键词required 可知，此处应填 to process。

2. eating

“by+动名词”作方式状语。此处意为 “吃大量的快餐，人们将摄入超过他们饮食所需的盐和油脂”。

全国卷 II

1. laying

63 (lay) the track 和上文的 digging up the road 及下文的 building a strong roof ... 是并列结构，因此用 laying。

2.pick → to pick

全国卷 III

1. resting

spend+ 一段时间 + doing sth 是固定结构, 故填 resting。

2. to prove

want 后通常接不定式 to do sth。

浙江卷

1. to cook

由语境“Pahlsson 摘掉戒指去做饭”可知，不定式短语作状语，表目的。

2. swept

句子主语 ring 与 sweep 之间为被动关系， 因此用过去分词形式。

▲2016 年

全国卷 I

1.(66) permitted

被修饰的名词和 permit 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。

(67) introducing

include后面跟动词-ing形式作宾语，故填 introducing。

全国卷 II

1. to bring

be likely to do sth 是固定结构，意为“可能做某事”，故填 to bring。

2.take → taking

全国卷 III

1. to create

根据句意可知，这里用不定式表目的，故填 to create。

2. using

根据语境可知，use的逻辑主语是 people，两者是主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语，故填 using。

3.wear → wearing

▲2015 年

全国卷 I

1. conducted

主语 a study 与 conduct 之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。

2. living

被修饰的名词与 live 之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作后置定语。

全国卷 II

1.(61)built

名词 dwellings 与 build 之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。

(64) using

介词后用动名词形式，故填 using。

2. to cool

该句为“be + adj + enough +to do sth” 结构, 故填 to cool。

3.looks → looking